Types of Small Wind Turbines

Small wind turbines are generally categorized as:

Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT) – In these models the shaft is parallel to the ground. Although they must self-align with the wind, HAWTs are mechanically simple and require a relatively small ‘footprint’ on the ground to mount and secure the tower. The majority of small and large turbines installed today are HAWTs.
Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) - In these models the shaft is perpendicular to the ground. These turbines typically require a relatively large ‘footprint’ on the ground to mount and secure the tower.

For more information on applications of these turbines, see the next page on Applications and the section entitled On- or Off-Grid?.